torsdag 5 april 2012

Different kinds of Noun modifiers (名詞修飾)

After reading a power point presentation about 名詞修飾 (Noun Modifiers) written by Noda 2009 I got some new insights into how noun modifiers work. It is available on google by searching using 名詞修飾型とは as a keyword.

Noun modifiers in Japanese language is always before the Noun being modified and good understanding is essential in order to read Japanese fast. One example from the book "Rapid Reading Japanese" is 日本の俳句のことについて書かれたとても面白い本 which means interesting book about haiku.

There are in particular three different kinds of Noun modifiers. Using simplified definitions from Nodas presentation they are the attributive noun modifier (属性名詞修飾), state noun modifier (状態名詞修飾) and cause noun modifier (理由名詞修飾). The attributive describes what the noun is, while the state describes what time, place and condition the noun has. The cause noun modifier is rarely seen and describes a sentence which describes the cause why something is happening.

To give an example with all three in action I provide another example from "Rapid Reading Japanese":
昨日サントリーホールへオペラを聴きに行った。ドミンゴが出る「オテロ」というオペラで、本当に素晴らしかった。今プラシード・ドミンゴは世界最高のテノールと言われているオペラ歌手だ。チケットはなかなか買えないということだったが、当日キャンセルされたチケットが安く手に入った。とてもラッキーだった。

The first two noun modifiers describes attributes; the third one describe state; the fourth one describe cause.

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